IUCN : Critically Endangered Species

Critically Endangered Mammals
 

  1 Sumatran Rhinoceros
  2 Malabar Civet
  3 Pygmy Hog
  4 Namdapha Flying Squirrel
  5 Chinese Pangolin
  6 The Bornean orangutan
  7 Andaman White-toothed Shrew
  8 Jenkin’s Andaman Spiny Shrew
  9 Nicobar White-tailed Shrew
10 Kondana Rat
11 Elvira Rat
12 Clouded Leopard
13 Elds Deer
14 Himalyan Wolf
15 Hog deer
16 Lion Tailed Macaque
17 Marbled Cat
18 Marsh Mongoose
19 Rhinoceros
20 Red Panda
21 Swamp Deer
22 Wild Ass
23 White Bellied Musk Deer
24 Indian Wolf
25 Wild Buffalo

Critically Endengered Birds
 



1 Amsterdam albatross
2 Tristan albatross
3 New Zealand storm petrel
4 Guadalupe storm petrel
5 Waved albatross
6 Mascarene petrel
7 Beck's petrel
8 Zapata rail
9 New Caledonian rail
10 Siberian crane
11 Samoan woodhen
12 Red-vented cockatoo
13 Yellow-crested cockatoo
14 Puerto Rican amazon
15 Glaucous macaw
16 Blue-throated macaw
17 Red-throated lorikeet
18 New Caledonian lorikeet
19 Blue-fronted lorikeet
20 Spix's macaw
21 Malherbe's parakeet
22 Polynesian ground dove
23 Purple-winged ground dove
24 Silvery pigeon
25 Blue-eyed ground dove
26 Tooth-billed pigeon
27 Negros bleeding-heart
28 Ridgway's hawk
29 Cuban kite
30 White-backed vulture
31 White-rumped vulture
32 Indian vulture
33 Rüppell's vulture
34 Slender-billed vulture
35 Pernambuco pygmy owl
36 Forest owlet
37 Anjouan scops owl
38 Annobon scops-owl


Critically Endangrered Reptiles 




1 Hawksbill sea turtle
2 Atlantic ridley sea turtles
3 Loggerhead sea turtle
4 Radiated tortoise
5 Angonoka tortoise
6 Santiago giant tortoise
7 Española giant tortoise
8 Burmese star tortoise
9 Southern river terrapin
10 Northern river terrapin
11 Painted terrapin
12 Red-crowned roofed turtle
13 Yellow-headed box turtle
14 Bourret's box turtle
15 Indochinese box turtle
16 Guangxi box turtle
17 Shaanxi box turtle
18 Chinese alligator
19 Orinoco crocodile
20 Philippine crocodile
21 Cuban crocodile
22 Fiji crested iguana
23 Galápagos pink land iguana
24 Utila spiny-tailed iguana
25 Oaxaca spiny-tailed iguana
26 Fiji crested iguana
27 Galápagos pink land iguana
28 Utila spiny-tailed iguana
29 Oaxaca spiny-tailed iguana
30 Zong's odd-scaled snake
31 Sahul reef snake
32 Leaf-scaled sea snake
33 Antiguan racer
34 Alcatrazes lancehead
35 Golden lancehead
36 Tioman reed snake
37 Sandakan reed snake
38 Saint Vincent blacksnake
39 Andasibe big-headed snake
40 Santa Catalina Island rattlesnake



Critically Endangered Fishes 





1 Ganges Shark
2 Pondicherry Shark
3 Large-tooth Sawfish
4 Knife-tooth Sawfish
5 Long-comb Sawfish
6 Blind cave loach
7 Galilean loach
8 Giant salmon carp
9 Long-spine bream
10 Arabian bream
11 Damascus bream
12 Elongate bitterling
13 Central Anatolian bleak
14 Karasu Sha kuli

Best IAS Preparation Tips

Best IAS Preparation Tips 

IAS exam is the most reputed or difficult exam in India. IAS  which means The Indian Administrative Service is a vocation that can not be contrasted with different employments or administrations. The post of an IAS officer is a respect, and subsequently it is pined for by numerous. Along these lines, these are a couple of tips that may help a man in clearing IAS examinations: 

Exam Preparation Tips for IAS

Take It Seriously
The most important part of this exam is ,to it it seriously . If we do any work with our serious efforts , we will successes definitely. We trust that we must ponder 10 hours or more, consistently. Be that as it may, for wanted outcomes, that a man should simply to walk the shrewd way which could mean perusing specifically yet perusing admirably, perusing many books specifically, blending books and notes, making short notes, learning time administration, taking fake tests and so on.

Begin early
After choosing to show up in the exam, arrangements for the same should begin early. To get a thought regarding the sort of inquiries being solicited, explained papers from past years ought to be alluded to. It is additionally important to be refreshed in all fields, for example History, Economy, Polity, and so on and getting the best books for the same.

Daily work
 This is the most difficult exam so we should do our work daily. A man needs to build up some sort of schedule, which would help him to center for extend periods of time and cover the whole syllabus inside the time accessible. A standard graph likewise helps in building up a concentrated approach for Mains and additionally in planning for most scoring parts of IAS Prelims syllabus early.

Each Subject should be studied
With many subjects to get readied for, understudies regularly submit the mix-up of endeavoring to set up at the same time. What they really need to do is stop this multi-entrusting and pick one subject at any given moment. Multi-entrusting may prompt perplexity, loss of fixation and lower yield. It is likewise imperative to not to allude to a larger number of books than are totally required.

Unit test
Keep in mind the school days when the instructor used to have unit tests in each 15 days with a specific end goal to set us up for the last test of the years? We have to assess ourselves similarly, by taking our own particular ridicule tests subsequent to finishing a specific area in a point; with a specific end goal to set ourselves up for the last fight.

Short and handy notes
Making short notes has dependably been a shrewd approach to examine and has dependably helped in amending rapidly. These notes can be as blaze cards or miniaturized scale notes on subjects like current undertakings, GK, and additionally different GS and discretionary themes.

Read with hard work
The more an understudy peruses for his IAS, the more it will be helpful for him. Perusing a ton is the way to score. The understudies should make it a propensity for perusing daily papers, the most recent financial review, all NCERT reading material and great supplementary books for IAS accessible.

The correct guidance
Keeping in mind the end goal to spare important time and endeavors, understudies should look for quality direction from the best training establishment accessible. These foundations give training in all subjects of the IAS exam. To know which books to peruse, training to join and what system to receive for IAS readiness, IAS toppers, kindred hopefuls and the individuals who have achieved the meeting stage ought to be drawn nearer to.

Set and kick the Goal
In conclusion, the understudy ought to dependably put stock in himself, be sufficiently sure and endeavor to supplicate and contemplate to look for endowments from the god-like. He ought to have a fabulous time while getting ready for IAS and seek after outcomes to be productive.

Budget for Infrastructure and Financial Sector Development

Infrastructure and Financial Sector Development

            Emphasising that infrastructure is the growth driver of economy, the Finance Minister estimated that investment in excess of Rs.50 lakh crore is needed to increase growth of GDP and connect the nation with a network of roads, airports, railways, ports and inland waterways. He announced increase of budgetary allocation on infrastructure for 2018-19 to Rs.5.97 lakh crore against estimated expenditure of Rs.4.94 lakh crore in 2017-18.

            The Government has made an all-time high allocation to rail and road sectors and is committed to further enhance public investment. The Prime Minister personally reviews the targets and achievements in infrastructure sectors on a regular basis.  Using online monitoring system of PRAGATI alone, projects worth 9.46 lakh crore have been facilitated and fast tracked.

            To further boost tourism, the Budget proposes to develop ten prominent tourist sites into Iconic Tourism destinations by following a holistic approach involving infrastructure and skill development, development of technology, attracting private investment, branding and marketing. 

            Under the Bharatmala Pariyojana,  about 35000 kms road construction  in Phase-I at an estimated cost of Rs.5,35,000 crore  has been approved.

Railways

            Railways Capital Expenditure for the year 2018-19 has been pegged at Rs.1,48,528 crore.  A large part of the Capex is devoted to capacity creation.  4000 kilometers of electrified railway network is slated for commissioning during 2017-18.  Work on Eastern and Western dedicated Freight Corridors is in full swing.  Adequate number of rolling stock – 12000 wagons, 5160 coaches and approximately 700 locomotives are being procured during 2018-19.  Over 3600 kms of track renewal is targeted during the current fiscal.   Redevelopment of 600 major railway stations is being taken up. 

            Mumbai’s local train network will have 90 kilometers of double line tracks at a cost of over Rs.11,000 crore. 150 kilometers of additional suburban network is being planned at a cost of over Rs.40,000 crore, including elevated corridors on some sections. A suburban network of approximately 160 kilometers at an estimated cost of Rs.17,000 crore is being planned to cater to the growth of the Bengaluru metropolis.

Budget for Employment Generation

Employment Generation

            Reiterating that creating job opportunities is at the core of Government policies, Finance Minister cited an independent study as showing that 70 lakh formal jobs will be created this year.  To carry forward the momentum created by the measures taken during the last 3 years to boost employment generation, Shri Jaitley announced that the Government will contribute 12% of the wages of the new employees in the EPF for all the sectors for next three years.   He proposed  to make amendments in the Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 to reduce women employees' contribution to 8% for first three years of their employment against existing rate of 12% or 10% with no change in employers' contribution.

            The Budget proposed an outlay of Rs.7148 crore for the textile sector in 2018-19 as against Rs.6,000 Crore in 2016.

Preamble of Indian Constitution 

The preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introduction of our constitution that sets out the guiding purpose, principles and philosophy of the constitution. Preamble gives idea about the following : (1) the source of the constitution, (2) nature of Indian state (3) a statement of its objectives and (4) the date of its adoption.

"WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens:
JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity;
and to promote among them all
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation."

The Main Points of About India Are:-


1. Sovereign - India is internally and externally sovereign

2.Socialist - “Socialism” as an economic philosophy where means of production and distribution are owned by the State

3. Secular - Features of secularism as envisaged in the Preamble is to mean that the state will have
no religion of its own and all persons will be equally entitled to the freedom of conscience and the right freely to profess, practice and propagate the religion of their choice.

4. Democratic- Indicates that the Constitution has established a form of Government which gets
its authority from the will of the people